Itazura na Kiss: An In-Depth Analysis of Themes and Impact
Intro
'Itazura na Kiss,' a series that has significantly shaped the landscape of anime and manga, presents a unique blend of romance, comedy, and drama. Originating from the manga created by Kaoru Mori, it has captured audiences with its complex characters and multilayered themes. This article delves into the narrative structure, examining how these elements interact to create lasting impressions on viewers and readers alike. From cultural nuances to character dynamics, we will unravel the layers of this iconic work.
Series Overview
Synopsis and Premise
The story centers around the awkward and endearing Kotoko Aihara, who harbors a crush on the brilliant but aloof Naoki Irie. Despite her lack of academic prowess, Kotoko's determination leads her to express her feelings in various ways, often resulting in humorous mishaps. The series navigates through their evolving relationship, marked by misunderstandings and emotional growth.
Notable Characters
- Kotoko Aihara: A determined young woman whose clumsiness and sincerity provide a relatable perspective for audiences.
- Naoki Irie: The cold and intelligent male lead who serves as both a challenge and an inspiration for Kotoko.
- Tomoko Aihara: Kotoko's supportive friend who often provides comedic relief.
- Kae Oukawa: A character that embodies the complexities of friendship and rivalry.
Themes and Motifs
Major Themes Explored
Itazura na Kiss tackles several significant themes:
- Unrequited Love: The series explores the nuances of love that is not reciprocated, highlighting Kotoko's persistent affection for Naoki.
- Personal Growth: Both Kotoko and Naoki undergo transformations, learning from their experiences and interactions with each other.
- Family Dynamics: The influence of family on the characters' choices and development features prominently, reflecting societal norms and values.
Symbolism in Storytelling
Certain objects and settings in the series carry deeper meanings. For example:
- The house that Kotoko and Naoki live in symbolizes their journey together, representing stability and growth.
- School as an environment reflects societal pressures and personal aspirations, shaping the characters' trajectories.
"The complexities of relationships are mirrored in the misunderstandings and resolutions that the characters experience, echoing real-life scenarios that resonate with the audience."
Artistic Style and Animation
Visual Aesthetics and Design
The artistic style of Itazura na Kiss blends traditional and contemporary anime techniques. Character designs are expressive, capturing subtle emotions. Backgrounds complement the romantic and comedic tones, enhancing the setting's atmosphere.
Animation Techniques and Trends
The adaptation into anime showcases fluid animation during key emotional scenes. This aligns with trends in the industry, where focus on aesthetics plays a crucial role in storytelling.
This thorough exploration of 'Itazura na Kiss' reflects its rich narrative and enduring cultural significance. As we continue analyzing, we will uncover further intricacies that underline its legacy.
Prelude to Itazura na Kiss
The exploration of Itazura na Kiss is not merely the discussion of a beloved manga and anime series; it is an examination of a cultural phenomenon that resonates through the ages. Its narrative weaves themes of love, perseverance, and personal growth in a way that appeals to a broad audience. This section sets the stage for an in-depth analysis of the series, illuminating why it remains significant not just within its genre but also in the realm of Japanese media.
Overview of the Series
Itazura na Kiss began as a manga created by Kaoru Mori in the late 1990s, focusing on the tumultuous relationship between Kotoko Aihara and Naoki Irie. The story is rooted in a classic romantic misunderstanding, as Kotoko, a high school girl, falls for Naoki, a brilliant and somewhat aloof boy. The narrative transitions from their initial interactions rooted in comedic misadventures to the unfolding complexities of their relationship as they mature. This development fosters a connection that explores the challenges faced by young adults, making it relatable across various demographics.
The series' uniqueness lies in its ability to balance humor with poignant moments. It captures both the awkwardness of adolescence and the struggles of personal growth, thereby crafting a rich, layered narrative. Additionally, the art style complements the storytelling, drawing readers into Kotoko’s emotional world, highlighting her various trials and triumphs.
Significance in the Genre
In terms of its significance, Itazura na Kiss is a cornerstone within the shojo genre, acting as a template for subsequent works. It has influenced countless stories that follow the archetypical love story set against the backdrop of school life. Many themes introduced in this series, such as unrequited love, resilience, and the comedic trials of adolescence, have become prevalent tropes in later manga and anime productions.
The cultural impact extends beyond just its narrative. Itazura na Kiss illustrates societal expectations around romance and relationships in Japan. Notably, it tackles the conflict between one's aspirations and the pressures placed by family and society, making it a relevant study in understanding Japanese youth culture.
Ultimately, this analysis will delve into these themes, character developments, and cultural contexts. By doing so, it will reveal how Itazura na Kiss has managed to captivate audiences and maintain its relevance over decades.
Narrative Structure
The narrative structure of Itazura na Kiss plays a crucial role in shaping its reception and understanding among audiences. The series combines romance and comedy in a framework that feels both spontaneous and well-thought-out. Each element, from plot progression to character interactions, is meticulously crafted. This structure provides viewers with a sense of continuity and development, which resonances with readers and keeps them engaged throughout the journey.
One of the significant aspects to consider is how the narrative unfolds. The use of flashbacks and character-driven plot lines form a rich tapestry that explores relationships deeply. As readers, we witness not just romantic connections but also personal growth. This dual focus adds layers to the storyline, making it more appealing and relatable.
Furthermore, an optimal narrative structure ensures that the pacing remains steady. This consistency allows the audience to savor key moments, providing adequate time for emotional reactions to develop.
"The strength of a narrative lies in its structure; it dictates how effectively a story resonates with its audience."
Plot Development
Plot development in Itazura na Kiss is both methodical and spontaneous. The story begins with Kotoko Aihara's infatuation with the brilliant Naoki Irie. Initially depicted as clumsy and somewhat scatterbrained, Kotoko’s character evolves alongside the narrative. The series introduces conflicts typical in a romantic comedy, such as misunderstandings, rivalry, and the struggle for acceptance. These elements propel the plot forward and engage viewers by creating emotional stakes.
As the plot unfolds, we see the relationship dynamics between Kotoko and Naoki grow. Despite Naoki’s aloof demeanor, the nuances in his actions reveal his underlying feelings. This back-and-forth establishes tension that keeps the audience invested. Readers are invited to navigate the complexities of love and ambition as the story progresses.
Additionally, supporting characters play a pivotal role. Their interactions with Kotoko and Naoki add variety to the plot while offering subplots that enhance the main story. This layered approach to plot development is a hallmark of effective storytelling.
Pacing and Flow
Pacing in Itazura na Kiss is handled with care, ensuring that viewers do not feel overwhelmed or disoriented. The series uses a blend of rapid sequences, such as comedic mishaps, to lighten the mood and gives way to slower, more reflective moments. This balance is vital in maintaining engagement.
The flow of the story ensures that each episode or chapter transitions smoothly into the next. Key events are spaced out strategically, allowing character relationships to develop naturally. There are instances of cliffhangers and unresolved conflicts, encouraging audiences to return for more. This technique keeps the interest alive without rushing through significant developments.
Viewer reactions are often tied to how well pacing is controlled. By allowing enough time for emotional moments and dramatic reveals, Itazura na Kiss succeeds in hitting the right notes with its audience. Readers can appreciate the rich emotional journey rather than feel like they are on a rollercoaster.
In summary, the narrative structure of Itazura na Kiss, from plot development to pacing, is a cornerstone of its cultural impact. By examining these elements, one can better understand why this series resonates with many fans, maintaining a lasting legacy in the anime and manga landscape.
Character Analysis
Character analysis is essential in understanding the depth and nuances of any narrative. In the case of Itazura na Kiss, characters are not merely vessels for the plot; they embody the themes and emotional arcs that resonate with the audience. The relationships, growth trajectories, and complex personalities of characters like Kotoko Aihara and Naoki Irie provide insight into human behavior and societal expectations. Exploring the motivations of these characters allows readers to appreciate how they reflect broader cultural narratives.
Kotoko Aihara
Kotoko Aihara serves as the protagonist of Itazura na Kiss. Her character is defined by her infatuation with Naoki Irie, a boy who initially dismisses her affections. Kotoko's journey from clumsiness to maturity is central to the series. Through her, the audience witnesses the struggles of unrequited love, a universal experience that elicits empathy. Her persistence is depicted in various scenarios; despite facing rejection and setbacks, she continues to pursue her dreams and love interest. The character's development is not linear but marked by moments of growth and self-discovery.
Kotoko's interactions with supporting characters further enrich her narrative. Her friendships and rivalries highlight the dynamics of adolescence, portraying relatable challenges like peer pressure and self-esteem issues. This complexity makes Kotoko a memorable character, resonating well with audiences who may see a reflection of their own experiences in her story.
Naoki Irie
Naoki Irie represents the archetype of the aloof genius. Initially portrayed as cold and indifferent, his character gradually reveals layers of depth and vulnerability. His relationship with Kotoko challenges conventional notions of romance. As the story unfolds, Naoki grapples with his own feelings and the impact of his actions on those around him. This conflict adds dimensionality to his character, as he must reconcile his initial detachment with his growing feelings for Kotoko.
Naoki's evolution reflects the theme of self-realization. Over time, he learns the value of emotional connection and the significance of fighting for relationships. His journey exemplifies how personal growth often emerges from understanding oneself in relation to others. The complexity of Naoki's character adds intrigue to the narrative, attracting viewers who appreciate character-driven plots.
Supporting Characters
The supporting characters in Itazura na Kiss play crucial roles in shaping the main storyline and enhancing the development of Kotoko and Naoki. Characters such as Irie's friends and family provide insight into his character by showcasing alternative viewpoints. They are often the catalyst for significant events, influencing the protagonists' decisions and growth.
Other characters, like Satomi, represent different aspects of friendship and rivalry, highlighting the variety of relationships that exist in high school settings. Each supporting character offers a unique lens through which the audience can explore themes of loyalty, jealousy, and support. Their interactions with Kotoko and Naoki help to underscore the central themes of love, growth, and perseverance.
In summary, the characters of Itazura na Kiss are intricately designed to reflect real-life experiences and emotions. The character analysis not only enhances the understanding of the narrative but also invites the audience to engage with their journeys on a personal level. Their relationships and developments serve as a mirror of societal expectations, making the series relatable and impactful.
Themes Explored in Itazura na Kiss
In the realm of Itazura na Kiss, themes serve as the cornerstone that underpins the narrative structure and character motivations. This manga and anime series delves into complex emotional landscapes, making it poignant and relatable. Each theme explored shapes the character's journey while also reflecting broader societal contexts. Thus, understanding these themes is crucial, as they offer insights into the human experience and cultural ideals prevalent during the time of its creation.
Love and Relationships
The theme of love and relationships is central to Itazura na Kiss. From the outset, the reader is introduced to the awkward, unreciprocated affection that Kotoko Aihara feels for Naoki Irie. This portrayal of one-sided love is not merely a plot device; it resonates deeply with many individuals who have experienced similar feelings. The dynamic between Kotoko and Naoki evolves throughout the series. They transition from seemingly incompatible personas to forming a deep bond through trials and tribulations.
Furthermore, the series captures the nuances of romance in a manner that speaks to various demographics. It highlights the importance of communication, trust, and understanding. It emphasizes that love is not always perfect; rather, it often involves misunderstandings and reconciliations.
Reading this series allows fans to see how relationships can grow over time, influenced by personal growth and shared experiences. The portrayal of love is realistic, rife with complexities that challenge simple notions of romance.
Growth and Maturity
Another prominent theme in Itazura na Kiss is growth and maturity, both in personal and relational contexts. Characters are put through scenarios that demand introspection and resilience. Kotoko's journey from an insecure young girl to a more self-assured woman illustrates this theme effectively. As she navigates the challenges presented by her education, friendships, and romantic life, her character embodies the idea that maturity often stems from overcoming hardships.
Naoki’s character arc ties closely to this theme as well. Initially perceived as cold and aloof, he experiences his own evolution. His maturation reflects his capacity to come to terms with his feelings and approach relationships more openly. This growth invites viewers to consider the significance of self-improvement within their own lives. The series emphasizes that maturity is vital not just in romantic entanglements, but across all relationships and individual pursuits.
Persistence and Resilience
The theme of persistence and resilience is palpable throughout Itazura na Kiss. Kotoko's unwavering dedication to Naoki, despite numerous setbacks, showcases the power of determination. Her relentless pursuit of her affections highlights that love requires effort and tenacity, especially in the face of adversity. Resilience emerges as she not only deals with romantic challenges but also confronts societal expectations regarding success and personal happiness.
In broader terms, this theme resonates with audiences who may find themselves in similarly challenging situations. It acts as a beacon of hope, reminding viewers that perseverance in the face of obstacles can lead to rewarding outcomes. This aspect, woven into the fabric of the narrative, reinforces the idea that emotional and personal growth often occurs through trials.
"To experience love is to accept struggle; it is the persistence in adversity that truly shapes one's heart."
Through these thematic explorations, Itazura na Kiss transcends its genre, embedding itself firmly in the hearts of its audience and shaping its cultural legacy.
Cultural Context
The cultural context surrounding Itazura na Kiss plays a significant role in understanding its themes and resonance within Japanese society. This manga and anime series reflects societal norms, romantic ideals, and expectations that shape character interactions and plot developments. By situating the series within its cultural framework, we gain insights into its enduring impact and the reasons behind its widespread appeal.
Japanese Society and Expectations
Itazura na Kiss vividly portrays aspects of Japanese society, particularly the educational system and the pressures that come with it. The characters are often depicted within a high school setting, which is a microcosm of larger societal expectations. Students face the need to excel academically and conform to social norms. Kotoko Aihara, the protagonist, embodies the struggle of the average student, which resonates with many readers. Her character’s journey highlights the gap between societal expectations and individual aspirations.
Moreover, traditional values concerning romance and marriage are prominent in the narrative. The series emphasizes the importance of perseverance in love, reflecting Japan's cultural prioritization of steady, enduring relationships. The romantic pursuit that Kotoko initiates towards Naoki Irie is not merely a personal endeavor but aligns with broader societal expectations for young adults navigating the complexities of dating.
Romantic Tropes in Manga
The romantic tropes explored in Itazura na Kiss contribute significantly to its reputation among manga and anime enthusiasts. It employs a variety of well-established tropes such as the tsundere (a character with a hot-and-cold personality) and the childhood friend trope. These literary devices are prevalent within the genre, establishing connections with readers familiar with them.
The trope of unrequited love is prominent, as Kotoko continuously attempts to win over Naoki, who initially dismisses her affections. This dynamic creates tension and drives narrative interest, forcing readers to invest in her character development. The use of these familiar tropes helps the series to strike a balance between originality and reader expectations.
In summary, Itazura na Kiss navigates the complexities of Japanese societal values while utilizing romantic tropes that enhance its appeal. The exploration of these themes serves not only as a narrative device but also as a reflection of cultural realities, allowing for deeper engagement with the content.
Adaptations and Media Expansions
Adaptations and media expansions play a vital role in the longevity and relevance of any popular series. They often serve to broaden the original story’s appeal, introducing new audiences to the characters and themes. For "Itazura na Kiss," both the anime adaptation and live-action dramas have significantly contributed to its enduring popularity. These expansions provide depth to the narrative, offer different perspectives, and enhance the viewer's experiences.
Anime Adaptation
The anime adaptation of "Itazura na Kiss" released in 2008 was crucial in revitalizing interest in the series. Previously, the manga had been quite popular, yet the anime brought the characters to life, showcasing their dynamics in motion. The animation style, though simple, effectively captured the essence of the original illustrations.
Fans appreciate the adaptation for its faithful adherence to the manga’s storyline, albeit with some necessary alterations for pacing. Key scenes that highlight the development of Kotoko and Naoki's relationship were emphasized, creating a more vivid portrayal of their struggles and emotions. This brought an additional layer of relatability to the characters, as audiences could see them navigate their challenges in a more visual medium.
Moreover, the voice acting played a significant role in establishing character identities. The distinct performances helped to solidify the personalities fans had cherished in the manga. Additionally, the series provided opportunities for new viewers who might not typically read manga to engage with the story.
Overall, the anime adaptation succeeded in expanding the audience of "Itazura na Kiss," making it a necessary component of its cultural footprint.
Live-Action Dramas
The live-action dramas further encapsulate the appeal of "Itazura na Kiss" across different cultural contexts. Various adaptations, particularly those produced in Japan and Taiwan, have displayed how versatile the narrative is, adapting its core themes to fit different social norms and environments.
These dramas often introduce slight variations in character dynamics and plot points, which can evoke fresh interpretations. For example, the Taiwanese version, titled "It Started With a Kiss," gained immense popularity in its market, highlighting how the essence of the original story resonates universally while allowing for localized storytelling.
The live-action format draws in viewers who may shy away from animated content. They present a tangible connection to the actors portraying beloved characters. The emotional weight conveyed through live performances creates a different layer of engagement.
In summary, the adaptations and media expansions of "Itazura na Kiss," via its anime and live-action dramas, have reinforced its legacy. They have not only maintained the interest of long-term fans but also attracted new generations of viewers, contributing to its lasting influence in anime and manga culture.
Reception and Legacy
The reception of Itazura na Kiss has been pivotal in shaping its lasting legacy. This section examines how the series has been perceived both critically and by its fan base, revealing its cultural significance over the years. The importance of understanding reception lies in recognizing the impact that audience and critic reactions can have on a work’s reputation and ongoing relevance. It also allows us to see how Itazura na Kiss has influenced contemporary themes, character designs, and narrative structures in the larger anime and manga landscape.
Critical Acclaim
Itazura na Kiss received a mix of praise and critique when it was first released. Critics often highlight its unique blend of romance and comedy, which deviated from the common tropes seen in other genres. The portrayal of Kotoko and Naoki's relationship engages readers on various emotional levels. Many reviewers appreciated the way the series tackled themes of unrequited love and personal growth, making it relatable to a broad audience.
The series has maintained a solid ratings and reviews on platforms like MyAnimeList and AniList, where many viewers have contributed their thoughts over the years.
In particular, the depth of character development and the depiction of youthful angst garnered positive attention. Despite some critiques regarding pacing and character decisions, the narrative's charm and sincerity have left a lasting impression. It is important to note that the initial reception set the stage for the series to become a classic in romantic comedy genre of anime and manga.
Fan Engagement
Engagement from fans has played a crucial role in the sustained success of Itazura na Kiss. Online communities meet to discuss episodes and share fan art, often on platforms such as Reddit and Facebook. This interaction does not just demonstrate fandom but also showcases how Itazura na Kiss continues to resonate with new audiences.
Moreover, fan-generated content can be observed through:
- Fan fiction: Stories extending the narrative beyond the scope of the original series.
- Artworks: Illustrations depicting beloved characters in various styles and scenarios.
- Cosplay: Fans dress as characters during conventions, bringing them to life and allowing deeper immersion into the series’ universe.
These activities not only reflect the affection fans have but also ensure that the series remains alive in the contemporary cultural dialogue. Through fan engagement, Itazura na Kiss transcends its original release, continually influencing both its audience and aspiring creators within the genre.
Comparative Analysis
The importance of a comparative analysis in the context of Itazura na Kiss extends beyond merely drawing parallels with other works. It allows for a deeper understanding of the series and its multifaceted role within both manga and western media. By looking at similarities and differences with other titles, readers can appreciate unique aspects of this story. This not only enriches the reading experience but also highlights how Itazura na Kiss fits into larger trends and themes within the genre. The practice can illuminate how certain motifs, character types, and relationships resonate across different narratives, enhancing appreciation for the work itself.
Similar Works
When analyzing Itazura na Kiss, it is beneficial to consider other manga and anime that share thematic and narrative affinities. For instance:
- Kimi ni Todoke: This series also explores romantic development in a high school setting. The main character's growth and her relationships mirror Kotoko's journey, emphasizing themes of self-acceptance and social dynamics.
- Fruits Basket: Both works incorporate elements of comedy and drama, focusing on deep emotional connections among characters. They examine how personal pasts shape relationships, highlighting resilience and the importance of friendship.
- Ao Haru Ride: Featuring themes of adolescent love and misunderstandings, this story bears resemblances to Itazura na Kiss. Both protagonists face obstacles but also discover their true selves amid chaos.
These works, while distinct in their storytelling, maintain underlying themes similar to those in Itazura na Kiss. They contribute to an ongoing exploration of relationships in youth culture, often confronting societal expectations and individual growth.
Contrasting Themes
Contrasting themes across various narratives can offer valuable insights as well. For example:
- In Your Lie in April, the focus lies heavily on trauma and emotional healing through the power of music. While Itazura na Kiss deals more with romantic comedy and coming-of-age, both touch on themes of personal growth.
- Death Note, in stark contrast, delves into moral dilemmas related to power and justice. The juxtaposition emphasizes the lighthearted approach in Itazura na Kiss, which centers on love rather than darker life themes.
- Attack on Titan addresses existential threats and survival, entirely different from the relationship-centric storyline of Itazura na Kiss.
This analysis reinforces the fact that while many themes can be found across different genres, Itazura na Kiss maintains a unique focus on youthful romance and personal growth. It offers a lighter perspective, contrasting with darker or more intense narratives while showing the significance of love and relationships in shaping one's character.
Comparative analyses in manga and anime enrich understanding and appreciation of narratives, revealing how distinct stories reflect or contrast thematic concerns.
Impact on Modern Manga and Anime
The impact of Itazura na Kiss on modern manga and anime is both profound and multifaceted. This series not only shaped the landscape of romantic comedies in manga but also influenced storytelling techniques in contemporary anime. Its themes and character dynamics continue to resonate in newer series, offering a template that combines emotional depth with relatable situations.
Influence on New Generations
Itazura na Kiss has become a reference point for new creators entering the manga and anime world. The series showcases how romantic storytelling can encapsulate nuanced emotions and growth. Many modern stories borrow elements from Itazura na Kiss, such as the portrayal of unrequited love, personal development, and the interplay between humor and drama. The central character, Kotoko Aihara, represents a loveable but flawed heroine whose journey toward self-discovery has inspired new generations of female protagonists.
Additionally, the key romance between Kotoko and Naoki Irie presents a model for exploring complex relationships. This exploration has encouraged a shift in the portrayal of romance in manga, moving away from more superficial interactions to deeper, character-driven narratives. It allows readers and viewers alike to connect with characters on a more emotional level, setting a standard that many aspire to meet. As such, one can see that the influence of Itazura na Kiss is observed in titles like Ao Haru Ride and Kimi ni Todoke, where themes of adolescence and emotional complexity prevail.
Continued Popularity
Despite being first published in the late 1990s, Itazura na Kiss remains relevant in today's manga and anime circle. Its continued popularity can be attributed to its timeless exploration of youth, love, and personal growth. The series has been reprinted and adapted several times, ensuring its presence across different media platforms.
Social media platforms, such as Reddit and Facebook, have communities dedicated to discussing and celebrating the series. These online spaces constantly revive interest, as fans dive into discussions about character motives and plot outcomes, further embedding Itazura na Kiss into the fabric of contemporary pop culture. The nostalgic allure also plays a role; for many fans who grew up with the series, it evokes a sense of fondness and relatability that is hard to replicate.
In summary, the impact of Itazura na Kiss transcends its original release. It defines a standard for narrative depth within the romantic genre and continues to inspire future authors. As new content harkens back to themes and structures established by this influential series, Itazura na Kiss remains a cornerstone in modern manga and anime culture.
End
The concluding section of an article on Itazura na Kiss is crucial. It encapsulates the key insights derived from the series and the discussions presented throughout. This part reflects on the themes, character development, and cultural context explored in prior sections. Expounding on these elements is essential because it reinforces Itazura na Kiss's relevance not just as a story, but as an influential piece of art that impacted anime and manga culture.
Final Thoughts on Itazura na Kiss
Itazura na Kiss has left a significant mark on its audience. The series navigates complex themes such as love, resilience, and personal growth, thus resonating with viewers across different generations. The characters, particularly Kotoko Aihara and Naoki Irie, embody relatable traits that spark discussions about relationships and the journey towards self-discovery.
Moreover, its adaptability into various forms of media showcases its broad appeal. This flexibility contributes to the series' legacy. It has been celebrated not only for its romantic elements but also for the life lessons it imparts.
In essence, the series serves as a narrative vehicle that captures the human experience, inviting viewers to reflect on their own lives and choices, making Itazura na Kiss a timeless story.
Looking Ahead
Looking forward, Itazura na Kiss continues to maintain relevance in contemporary media. The ongoing appreciation for these themes signifies that new generations will explore its content in diverse ways. The incorporation of its elements in modern anime and manga suggests that it can inspire future creators.
As cultural norms evolve, the narratives addressing love and growth in Itazura na Kiss may lead to renewed discussions, adapting its motifs to align with current issues. For fans and scholars alike, the series presents an ongoing interest—offering a rich ground for analysis and inspiration.
This journey through themes and cultural impacts emphasizes its lasting significance within the realm of anime and manga. The analysis not only celebrates the series but invites continued inquiry, underscoring its lasting legacy in Japanese pop culture.
